![]() Ayahuasca became more widely known when the McKenna brothers published their experience in the Amazon in True Hallucinations. Burroughs read a paper by Richard Evans Schultes on the subject and while traveling through South America in the early 1950s sought out ayahuasca in the hopes that it could relieve or cure opiate addiction (see The Yage Letters). caapi was named telepathine, but in 1927, it was found to be identical to a chemical already isolated from Peganum harmala and was given the name harmine. In 1905, the active chemical constituent of B. ![]() In the 16th century, Christian missionaries from Spain first encountered indigenous western Amazonian basin South Americans using ayahuasca their earliest reports described it as "the work of the devil". History Įvidence of ayahuasca use dates back at least 1,000 years, as demonstrated by a bundle containing the residue of ayahuasca ingredients and various other preserved shamanic substances in a cave in southwestern Bolivia, discovered in 2010. The Achuar people and Shuar people of Ecuador and Peru call it natem, while the Sharanahua peoples of Peru call it shori. Adherents of União do Vegetal call this brew hoasca or vegetal Brazilian Yawanawa call the brew "uní". In the União do Vegetal of Brazil, an organised spiritual tradition in which people drink ayahuasca, the brew is prepared exclusively from B. In Brazil, the brew and the liana are informally called either caapi or cipó the latter is the Portuguese word for liana (or woody climbing vine). It is also referred to as "la purge" due to the belief that it cures the soul, offering a deep introspective journey that allows the user to examine their emotions and ways of thinking. The word ayahuasca has been variously translated as "liana of the soul", "liana of the dead", and "spirit liana". ![]() In the Quechua languages, aya means "spirit, soul", or "corpse, dead body", and waska means "rope" or "woody vine", " liana". ![]() This word refers both to the liana Banisteriopsis caapi, and to the brew prepared from it. Internationally, the Convention on Psychotropic Substances lists the active ingredient DMT as a schedule 1 drug, but does not control the cultivation of plants from which it can be derived, similarly to the "legal grey area" position of psychedelic plants like peyote and other mescaline-containing cacti.Īyahuasca is known by many names throughout Northern South America and Brazil.Īyahuasca is the hispanicized (traditional) spelling of a word in the Quechuan languages, which are spoken in the Andean states of Ecuador, Bolivia, Peru, and Colombia-speakers of Quechuan languages who use the modern Alvarado orthography spell it ayawaska. Ī chemically similar preparation, sometimes called " pharmahuasca", can be prepared using N, N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and a pharmaceutical monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), such as moclobemide or isocarboxazid. The tea causes altered states of consciousness often known as " psychedelic experiences" which include visual hallucinations and altered perceptions of reality.Īyahuasca is commonly made from the Banisteriopsis caapi vine, the Psychotria viridis shrub or a substitute, and other ingredients including Justicia pectoralis, one of the Brugmansia (especially Brugmansia insignis and Brugmansia versicolor, or a hybrid breed) or Datura species, and mapacho ( Nicotiana rustica). Ayahuasca is a South American psychoactive and entheogenic brewed drink traditionally used both socially and as a ceremonial or shamanic spiritual medicine among the indigenous peoples of the Amazon basin, and more recently in North America and Europe. ![]()
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